''Papilio fuscus'', the Canopus swallowtail, is a

butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...

of the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Papilionidae Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the larges ...

, that is found on

Timor Timor is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia, in the north of the Timor Sea. The island is East Timor–Indonesia border, divided between the sovereign states of East Timor on the eastern part and Indonesia on the western p ...

, northern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, and

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...

. The

wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of ...

is about 80 mm. The larvae feed on

Rutaceae The Rutaceae is a family, commonly known as the rueRUTACEAE
in BoDD – Botanical Derm ...

species.

Subspecies

*''P. f. fuscus'' (Buru, Ambon, Serang) *''P. f. alorensis'' Rothschild, 1894 (Alor) *''P. f. beccarii'' Oberthür, 1880 (western Irian, north-western New Guinea) *''P. f. canopinus'' Rothschild, 1895 (Romang, Leti Islands) *''P. f. canopus'' Westwood, 1842 (north-western Australia, Northern Territory) *''P. f. capaneus'' Westwood, 1843 (Cape York to northern New South Wales) *''P. f. cilix'' Godman & Salvin, 1879 (New Hanover, New Ireland) *''P. f. croton'' Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Damar) *''P. f. hasterti'' Ribbe, 1907 (Bougainville, Choiseul) *''P. f. hypsicles'' Hewitson, 1868 (New Hebrides) *''P. f. hypsiclides'' Rothschild, 1894 (Wetar) *''P. f. indicatus'' Butler, 1876 (southern New Guinea, Papua New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux, Woodlark, Lousiades, Torres Straits Islands) *''P. f. lamponius'' Fruhstorfer, 1904 (New Britain) *''P. f. lapathus'' Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Bachan) *''P. f. lunifer'' Rothschild, 1895 (Talaud, Sangie Islands) *''P. f. metagenes'' Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Tukangbesi: Binongko) *''P. f. minor'' Oberthür, 1879 (northern Sulawesi, Sangihe) *''P. f. ombiranus'' Rothschild, 1898 (Obi) *''P. f. pertinax'' Wallace, 1865 (Sulawesi, Tukangbesi, Salaya, Sula Islands) *''P. f. porrothenus'' Jordan, 1909 (Tanadjampea, Kalao, south-western Sulawesi) *''P. f. rotalita'' (Swinhoe, 1893) (Aru, Key) *''P. f. talyabona'' Joicey & Talbot, 1932 (Sula) *''P. f. tenimberensis'' Rothschild, 1896 (Tanimbar, Babar) *''P. f. thomsoni'' Butler, 1884 (Kai Islands) *''P. f. umbrosus'' Rothschild, 1894 (Sambawa) *''P. f. vollenhovii'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 (Timor) *''P. f. wasiensis'' Hanafusa, 1991 (Tukangbesi: Wangiwangi) *''P. f. xenophilus'' Mathew, 1886 (Guadalcanal, Santa Isabel, New Georgia Group)

Taxonomy

''Papilio fuscus'' is the nominate member of the ''fuscus''

species group In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

. The members of this

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

are: * '' Papilio albinus'' Wallace, 1865 * '' Papilio diophantus'' Grose-Smith, 1883 * ''Papilio fuscus'' Goeze, 1779 * '' Papilio hipponous'' C. & R. Felder, 1862 * '' Papilio jordani'' Fruhstorfer, 1906 * ''

Papilio pitmani ''Papilio pitmani'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in Burma, Thailand and Vietnam. Subspecies *''Papilio pitmani pitmani'' *''Papilio duboisi'' Vitalis de Salvaza, 1921 (central Vietnam) Taxonom ...

'' Elwes & de Nicéville, 887/small> * ''

Papilio prexaspes ''Papilio prexaspes'', the blue Helen, is a swallowtail butterfly found in Southeast Asia. The race found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, ''Papilio prexaspes andamanicus'' (earlier placed under ''Papilio fuscus''), is also known as the Andam ...

'' C. & R. Felder, 1865 * ''

Papilio sakontala ''Papilio sakontala'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly from the genus ''Papilio'' that is found in India. Taxonomy The taxonomic rank of ''Papilio sakontala'' is uncertain. It is a member of the ''fuscus'' species-group. The members of th ...

'' Hewitson, 1864

External links

Australian caterpillars−larvae: ''Papilio fuscus''

fuscus Butterflies of Oceania Butterflies of Australia Butterflies of Indonesia Lepidoptera of New Guinea Lepidoptera of Papua New Guinea Insects of Timor Butterflies described in 1779 {{Papilionidae-stub